Combining X-ray Tomography and Diffraction modalities to study in situ the mechanics of polycrystalline materials

Clément Ribart, Henry Proudhon

Centre des Matériaux, MINES Paristech, CNRS UMR 7633

Diffraction Contrast Tomography remains the fastest 3D grain mapping characterization method and allows further characterization of specific crystallographic locations. Coupled to in situ mechanical testing, something we have developed for a few years at CDM, it provides a unique way to probe deformation and fracture mechanisms of structural materials. Correlative experiments at higher resolution can now be performed to achieve “zoom-in” observation in selected grains. We will review several technique that can be used at the European synchrotron, such as X-ray topo-tomography, scanning 3DXRD or Dark Field X-ray Microscopy. Example to characterize plastic strain localization in metals will be presented. As the method becomes more and more automated, it allows both quantitative and statistical measurements in the bulk of the microstructure. Finally, coupling experiments with crystal plasticity finite element computations at the grain scale will be discussed as a key to unlock microstructure-deformation mechanisms.

Contact to attend the conference : Mathieu.Fevre@onera.fr

Thursday 31st Mars 2022 at 14h00

Contensou conference room, ONERA Châtillon

Scientific day in honour of François Ducastelle

 

François Ducastelle sadly passed away last summer. An outstanding physicist, François had a profound impact on the many fields he covered: the electronic structure of metals and their alloys, the statistical physics of order-disorder and phase transitions, growth modes and spectroscopic properties of low-dimensional materials. 

In his honour, the LEM organizes a scientific day which will be held on 11 July in the heart of Paris at the Ecole des Mines de Paris where he graduated and has been teaching Solid State Physics for many years. The aim of this day will be to evoke François’ career and his contribution to Condensed Matter Physics over nearly 55 years of research. Memories will be recalled through scientific presentations given by researchers specialised in the different fields François left his mark on, and testimonies by young and not-so-young researchers with whom he has been working throughout his long career, and still was.

The day will thus be a balance between scientific and memorial aspects combining past and present science, testimonies, and companionship throughout his long career as a researcher.

List of invited speakers:

You can find the program of the day on the following link and the flyer on the following one.

You can find the program of the day, the flyer and the list of participants. To join the Ecole des Mines de Paris, you will find all the information here.

For those who will not be able to attend, but who would like to participate virtually, a zoom connection will be possible via the following link:

 
ID de réunion : 954 4263 8028
Code secret : pZ2LiT

The organising committee: Hakim Amara (LEM), Cyrille Barreteau (CEA), Alphonse Finel (LEM), Annick Loiseau (LEM) et Guy Tréglia (CINaM).

If you would like to participate, please contact Cyrille Barreteau indicating name/first name/laboratory and whether or not you would like to attend the buffet lunch.

For all practical questions, please contact Catherine Deutsch.

GDR-IRN HOWDI annual meeting

We are glad to announce that the abstract submission is now open for the first HOWDI meeting.

The HOWDI (van der Waals heterostructures of low dimensionality) research group gathers researchers from France and abroad whose investigations focus on the physical properties emerging in van der Waals assemblies. The objective of the GDR-IRN HOWDI is to initiate, sustain and cross-link research activity on graphene, other 2D materials and nanotubes. All information about the network can be found at: http://gdr-howdi.org/?lang=en

The meeting will be held in Dourdan (Paris area, France) on May 9-13 2022. The participants will be hosted in “Le Domaine du Normont” holiday village for the entire duration of the event. Invited talks, tutorials, contributing talks, poster sessions, and social events are scheduled. All information about the meeting can be found at https://howdi2022.sciencesconf.org/.

Local contact: Lorenzo Sponza

Laboratory days

From 12 to 15 October 2021,  LEM staff and some guest researchers presented their research activities during the “laboratory days”.  In a period where smart working is becoming increasingly important, the main objectives of this seminar were to strengthen scientific interactions between lab members and the cohesion of the laboratory. Alternating scientific and technical presentations, round tables and moments of conviviality, the 2021 edition allowed the staff of the laboratory to strengthen their links in a sunny place and in a good mood!

Proof by image – The spaghetti incident

The image “The Spaghetti incident” by Riccardo Gatti and Laurent Korzeczek, selected for the “Proof by image”  2021 competition organized by the CNRS. This image from a numerical simulation illustrates a microstructure of dislocations developing inside a copper sample due to the opening of a crack. It shows the important role of numerical simulations in the understanding and prediction of the collective behavior of these defects associated with the deformation of materials subjected to mechanical and / or thermal stresses.

The twenty selected images of the 2021 competition chosen by the jury composed of image professionals and scientists are available here.

Thesis prize : Étienne Carré

Congratulations to Étienne Carré for winning the ONERA 2021 thesis prize in the “Materials and Structures” field. This prize, awarded each year by senior ONERA researchers, aims to encourage future researchers on the path to excellence and to recognize remarkable work. Etienne’s presentation entitled “Infrared luminescence based on black phosphorus” is available here (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sIL6nHMUmLM&t=7s). His work is carried out within the framework of the ANR17-CE24-0023 EPOS-BP research project involving the LEM (UMR ONERA / CNRS), GEMaC (UMR UVSQ / CNRS), UMPhy (UMR THALES / CNRS) and THALES TRT laboratories.

Impact of thermal strain hardening on the precipitation of hardening phases during SLM manufacture of an aluminium alloy

Frederico Orlacchio

LEM, UMR ONERA-CNRS – SIAM, ONERA

Additive Manufacturing is arousing great interest in both academic and industrial communities, in particular with a view to reducing raw material waste and optimising manufactured components. During the internship carried out between the SIAM unit of DMAS/ONERA and the LEM (CNRS/ONERA), particular attention was paid to the impact of thermal hardening on the precipitation of intermetallic phases in the aluminum alloy Al-4Fe, manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF). First, an experimental study at different scales was carried out in order to characterise the microstructure of the Al-4Fe material in its metallurgical state after fabrication. Various manufacturing conditions were studied. The grain microstructure as well as the precipitation of iron-rich phases were studied by different microscopy techniques (optical, SEM, TEM). Secondly, the evolution of the hardness and the modifications of the microstructure induced by various post-manufacturing heat treatments were characterised. The small disorientations inside the grains were measured by EBSD in order to obtain information on the strain hardening of the material during these treatments. Finally, the various contributions necessary for the development of a model of the hardness of these alloys were discussed.

Tuesday 28th September 2021 at 9h30

videoconference at the followink link: https://rdv.onera.fr/seminaireLEM

Investigation of the solid-liquid transition of Ag-Pt nanoparticles

Djahid Oucheriah

LEM, UMR ONERA-CNRS

At the nanoscale, nanomaterials possess unique properties that differ strongly from those of the bulk material. In the case of AgPt nanoparticles, we aimed to study the solid-liquid transition of nanoparticles of different sizes and compositions. For this purpose, we performed atomic scale simulations using a semi-empirical potential integrated in a Monte Carlo code to relax the structures. In doing so, we observed that the melting temperature decreases with the size of the nanoparticles (pure systems and alloys). However, our detailed analysis shows that the melting of the nanoparticle systematically passes through an intermediate stage with a crystalline core (pure Pt or AgPt depending on the composition) and a layer of liquid Ag.

Thursday 29th July 2021 at 11h00

videoconference at the following link: https://cnrs.zoom.us/j/98877547159

François Ducastelle passed away

It is with great sadness that we have learned of the sudden death of our colleague François Ducastelle, which happened on Friday 2 July 2021.

François joined ONERA in 1965 as a trainee and was hired as junior scientist in 1968. He prepared his two theses and spent his entire career as a researcher. From 1981 to 1997, he was head of the Solid State Physics Division in the Materials Directorate (OM), then was deputy director of the LEM until his emeritus in 2008.

An outstanding physicist, François has had a profound impact on the many disciplinary fields he has tackled: the electronic structure of metals and their alloys, the statistical physics of order-disorder and phase transitions, growth modes and spectroscopic properties of low-dimensional materials. 

Through the extensive nature of his work, his involvement in the management of the LEM and his enthusiasm for research, François has made a major contribution to shaping the laboratory of today and to its influence.     

All those who have worked with François, from the doctoral students he trained to the many colleagues he guided and who came to him for advice and enlightenment, testify to the wide range of his knowledge, the depth of his analysis, the power and elegance of his reasoning, his teaching skills and his benevolence.

Always active and involved in numerous projects, François maintained a dynamic of collective research and numerous interactions with the international scientific community.  He also interacted with young researchers on a daily basis, with great humility and humanity.

A great physicist has passed away. His memory and his teaching remain.

His death leaves a lot of sadness and a big void in the laboratory.

Our thoughts are with his family and friends, to whom we offer our sincere condolences.

Mathieu Fèvre (Mathieu.Fevre@onera.fr) is the point of contact for information about the funeral and for expressions of support to his family.

Testimonies, tributes and memories of our colleague François can be posted at the following link : https://hommage.uneroseblanche.fr/odoklp

 

First-principle studies of light atom diffusion in γ-TiAl and experimental investigation on MAX phase oxidation

Dr.  Enrica Epifano

CIRIMAT, UMR 5085, toulouse France

 

In this talk, E. Epifano will present the results of her postdoctoral research conducted at the ONERA. The presentation will comprise two parts. In the first part, solubility and diffusion of light atoms (B, C, N, O) in the γ-TiAl intermetallic phase are investigated by first-principle calculations. The accommodation of the light atoms in the various interstitial positions is studied by density functional theory. Barrier energies for their diffusion among the different interstitial sites are computed using the Nudged Elastic Band (NEB) method and atomic jumping rates are obtained from the Transitional State Theory. Diffusion coefficients are obtained from the solution of the transport equation in the infinite time limit, using the analytical Multi-State Diffusion method.

In the second part, experimental studies of the oxidation resistance of MAX phases are shown. The MAX phases are a new class of materials that have an extraordinary combination of both metallic and ceramic features. Some of the MAXes are alumin-forming and they hence exhibit excellent oxidation resistance. The results herein shown concern a study on the quaternary (Tix,Ga1-x)3AlC2 phase, realized in collaboration with the Drexel University of Philadelphia.

Friday 25 June 2021 14h00

videoconference at the following link: https://rdv.onera.fr/seminaireLEM

2018, web site created by HA & RG.